Ancient Egypt was a civilization located in North Eastern Africa. According to Egyptian chronology, it began around 3150 BC and ended in 30 BC, when, under Cleopatra, it fell to the Roman Empire. It is one of the six civilizations globally that rose independently, and owes its success partly to the way they adapted their agriculture to the conditions of the Nile river. The surplus of crops supported the growing population and the following social and cultural development. Among the many achievements of the ancient Egyptians, there is the quarrying, surveying and construction techniques needed for the building of their monumental pyramids, temples and obelisks, as well as the development of a new written language and the making of the earliest known peace treaty. The Egyptians also left a lasting legacy; its art and architecture is widely admired and copied, and became the starting point of ancient Greek sculptures and building.
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